Refer to "Cracker Culture---Celtic Ways in the Old South" by Grady McWhiney and "Blacknecks and White Luberals" by Thomas Sowell.
Insofar as racism, racism is a competitive relationship between groups for ownership and control of resources for wealth and power---a team sport.
Europeans got the headstart program when the Portuguese started the race to the new world with free African labor followed by other European countries. Blacks weren't part of the race. They were the boot and loot.
Blacks have been mere reactionaries to White racism for the past 400 years. Blacks didn't forcibly transport millions of European Whites across the oceans in order to mal-distribute massive generational wealth and power to themselves.
Racism is prejudice plus power. Blacks only own and control 2% of the wealth in this country which hasn't changed since the eve of the American Civil War, wherein there were 4 hundred thousand freed Blacks and 4 million Black slaves.
100 years of neo-slavery (Jim Crow) followed the end of the Civil War until the passing of major Civil Rights bills in the 1960s.
Blacks have only been American citizens with full rights for less than 55 years. I'm 72 years old.
you believe the Irish were not white and were not slaves? And don’t give me the indentured servants were not slaves argument British viewed Irish as inferior and sought to displace and eradicate them. Irish were used as slave labor. That eventually tuned into the racialized slave trade
Study the 1705 Virginia Slave Codes which were implemented after Bacon's Rebellion---separated black slaves from indentured servants (the start of compensatory whiteness).
BTW, my late paternal grandfather was birracial---Scots-Irish and black. He had lots of [cracker culture] in him. He passed for white, fooling many white folks. 😂🤣😅
“White cargo” argues against some of the differentiation of chattel slavery and indentured servitude that is taught as colonial slavery. Reading the books that I linked in this read, changed my perspective in what I was taught in history classes. Which simply stated indentured servitude was voluntary service in exchange for land and new life in the new world. I will admit that the 2 books are not the best written for an academic point of view. However, the primary sources unearthed in their research and the facts are enough to alter the taught narrative in my opinion
"Recent scholarship traces the roots of southern violence to the Scots-Irish, who brought a relatively violent “cracker culture” with them to the United States in the eighteenth century. The tolerance for violence inherent in cracker culture was believed to be transmitted throughout the south to other whites and was maintained, in part, through evangelical Christian doctrine. Moreover, Thomas Sowell (2005) recently argued that some southern blacks were also influenced by “cracker culture,” leading to the emergence of a “black redneck” phenomenon influencing homicide among blacks. Using county-level data circa 2000, this study empirically evaluates the merit of the cracker culture/black redneck thesis. Negative binomial regression analyses for a full sample of counties suggest that a measure of southern cracker/black redneck culture is an important factor affecting contemporary rates of argument homicide among both whites and blacks. When counties are divided into south and non-south sub-samples, the results are also consistent: a cracker/black redneck culture effect is evident for both racial groups in the south, and is also apparent outside of the southern region. We interpret these latter findings as possible support for the thesis that southern cracker/black redneck culture has been transported through migration to non-southern localities."
The groundbreaking, “provocative” (New York Times Book Review) work that exposed the racially discriminatory precursors of affirmative action, now updated with a new introduction.
With this explosive analysis, Ira Katznelson fundamentally recast our understanding of twentieth-century American history, demonstrating that the key programs passed during the New Deal and Fair Deal eras were not, as we are so often told, fundamentally equitable or impartial, but discriminatory in the way they deliberately excluded African Americans from benefits. In fact, Katznelson writes, the gap between black and white Americans actually widened following this period, owing, in no small part, to the segregationist designs of southern Democrats. Now featuring a new introduction that situates this saga within the wider context of twentieth- and twenty-first-century history, When Affirmative Action Was White remains, tragically, as salient as ever, providing both a “painful understanding of how politics and race intersect” (Henry Louis Gates Jr.) and a broad justification for continuing affirmative action programs.
The ku klux klan can be traced back to clans in Scotland that burned crosses and castrated each other. How do the Scots-Irish factor in during the 100 years of Jim Crow (semi-slavery) through the 60s. About 5,000 blacks were lynched by mostly Scots-Irish in the South. How come I see only whites standing around in old photos of Blacks being lynched, castrated, and burned? Your story doesn't add up. Scots-Irish are white,fully assimilated into American society as Whites just like the Italians and Jews. The first Constitution doesn't codify Scots-Irish as 3/5 of a person. Slave Codes beginning in 1705 do not codify whites as slaves. The 1857 Dredd Scott Decision reinforcing that black blacks aren't citizens and have no rights, doesn't put Scots-Irish in this codification. The 13th, ,14th, and 15th Amendments were specifically implemented to reverse the Dredd Scott Decision. The 1877 Plessy vs Ferguson Decision didn't separate Scots-Irish from the white dominant mainstream society like the blacks. The 1960s Civil Rights laws recognized blacks as Americans will full rights.. Scots-Irish and other non Black groups rights come under the first 12 Amendments of the Constitution. Asians, Mexican, Arabs, or Jews weren't codified as 3/5 of a person. Your logic and references are very flawed in supporting your arguments.
Refer to "Cracker Culture---Celtic Ways in the Old South" by Grady McWhiney and "Blacknecks and White Luberals" by Thomas Sowell.
Insofar as racism, racism is a competitive relationship between groups for ownership and control of resources for wealth and power---a team sport.
Europeans got the headstart program when the Portuguese started the race to the new world with free African labor followed by other European countries. Blacks weren't part of the race. They were the boot and loot.
Blacks have been mere reactionaries to White racism for the past 400 years. Blacks didn't forcibly transport millions of European Whites across the oceans in order to mal-distribute massive generational wealth and power to themselves.
Racism is prejudice plus power. Blacks only own and control 2% of the wealth in this country which hasn't changed since the eve of the American Civil War, wherein there were 4 hundred thousand freed Blacks and 4 million Black slaves.
100 years of neo-slavery (Jim Crow) followed the end of the Civil War until the passing of major Civil Rights bills in the 1960s.
Blacks have only been American citizens with full rights for less than 55 years. I'm 72 years old.
you believe the Irish were not white and were not slaves? And don’t give me the indentured servants were not slaves argument British viewed Irish as inferior and sought to displace and eradicate them. Irish were used as slave labor. That eventually tuned into the racialized slave trade
Study the 1705 Virginia Slave Codes which were implemented after Bacon's Rebellion---separated black slaves from indentured servants (the start of compensatory whiteness).
You are missing a 100 years of colonial slavery
BTW, my late paternal grandfather was birracial---Scots-Irish and black. He had lots of [cracker culture] in him. He passed for white, fooling many white folks. 😂🤣😅
Imagine me knocking on my Scots-Irish neighborhood's doors and telling them they're not white? 😂🤣😅😆
Check out this story from USA TODAY: Fact check: The Irish were not slaves
Social media claims that the Irish people were enslaved in the colonial Americas and treated as brutally as or worse than African slaves are false.
Irish being slaves in America is a myth.
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/06/18/fact-check-irish-were-indentured-servants-not-slaves/3198590001/
“White cargo” argues against some of the differentiation of chattel slavery and indentured servitude that is taught as colonial slavery. Reading the books that I linked in this read, changed my perspective in what I was taught in history classes. Which simply stated indentured servitude was voluntary service in exchange for land and new life in the new world. I will admit that the 2 books are not the best written for an academic point of view. However, the primary sources unearthed in their research and the facts are enough to alter the taught narrative in my opinion
"Recent scholarship traces the roots of southern violence to the Scots-Irish, who brought a relatively violent “cracker culture” with them to the United States in the eighteenth century. The tolerance for violence inherent in cracker culture was believed to be transmitted throughout the south to other whites and was maintained, in part, through evangelical Christian doctrine. Moreover, Thomas Sowell (2005) recently argued that some southern blacks were also influenced by “cracker culture,” leading to the emergence of a “black redneck” phenomenon influencing homicide among blacks. Using county-level data circa 2000, this study empirically evaluates the merit of the cracker culture/black redneck thesis. Negative binomial regression analyses for a full sample of counties suggest that a measure of southern cracker/black redneck culture is an important factor affecting contemporary rates of argument homicide among both whites and blacks. When counties are divided into south and non-south sub-samples, the results are also consistent: a cracker/black redneck culture effect is evident for both racial groups in the south, and is also apparent outside of the southern region. We interpret these latter findings as possible support for the thesis that southern cracker/black redneck culture has been transported through migration to non-southern localities."
The groundbreaking, “provocative” (New York Times Book Review) work that exposed the racially discriminatory precursors of affirmative action, now updated with a new introduction.
With this explosive analysis, Ira Katznelson fundamentally recast our understanding of twentieth-century American history, demonstrating that the key programs passed during the New Deal and Fair Deal eras were not, as we are so often told, fundamentally equitable or impartial, but discriminatory in the way they deliberately excluded African Americans from benefits. In fact, Katznelson writes, the gap between black and white Americans actually widened following this period, owing, in no small part, to the segregationist designs of southern Democrats. Now featuring a new introduction that situates this saga within the wider context of twentieth- and twenty-first-century history, When Affirmative Action Was White remains, tragically, as salient as ever, providing both a “painful understanding of how politics and race intersect” (Henry Louis Gates Jr.) and a broad justification for continuing affirmative action programs.
https://www.amazon.com/Proclamation-1625-Americas-Enslavement-Irish/dp/1460285646/ref=mp_s_a_1_3?crid=2CDNTKJ7MIZ4C&keywords=irish+slaves&qid=1682648092&sprefix=irish+slaves%2Caps%2C111&sr=8-3
Is Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf true? 🤔
The children of Scots-Irish were not automatically slaves after birth.
The ku klux klan can be traced back to clans in Scotland that burned crosses and castrated each other. How do the Scots-Irish factor in during the 100 years of Jim Crow (semi-slavery) through the 60s. About 5,000 blacks were lynched by mostly Scots-Irish in the South. How come I see only whites standing around in old photos of Blacks being lynched, castrated, and burned? Your story doesn't add up. Scots-Irish are white,fully assimilated into American society as Whites just like the Italians and Jews. The first Constitution doesn't codify Scots-Irish as 3/5 of a person. Slave Codes beginning in 1705 do not codify whites as slaves. The 1857 Dredd Scott Decision reinforcing that black blacks aren't citizens and have no rights, doesn't put Scots-Irish in this codification. The 13th, ,14th, and 15th Amendments were specifically implemented to reverse the Dredd Scott Decision. The 1877 Plessy vs Ferguson Decision didn't separate Scots-Irish from the white dominant mainstream society like the blacks. The 1960s Civil Rights laws recognized blacks as Americans will full rights.. Scots-Irish and other non Black groups rights come under the first 12 Amendments of the Constitution. Asians, Mexican, Arabs, or Jews weren't codified as 3/5 of a person. Your logic and references are very flawed in supporting your arguments.
https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/2455819
Rationalize the term all you want. I am familiar with some of the writings you mention. The term cracker is used by blacks in a hateful manner… aka mayor Adam’s use in n 2019. I believe you used the term with its hateful intent as a derogatory term for whites. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10478763/amp/NYC-Mayor-Eric-Adams-apologized-2019-comments-called-white-officers-crackers.html