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I haven’t thought through all of this, but I always start thinking about complex issues from a systems perspective in terms of multidimensionality, connectedness, and dynamics. This is a great overview of a complex issue that involves multiple, connected, and dynamic dimensions. As with any complex issue, moving forward or resolving problems that the issue entails will also require dealing with complexity. That includes thinking about how to address multiple aspects of racism in multiple ways, as well as how multiple approaches may inform each other. With regard to the spectrum of going from being inclusive and forcing institutions to reflect America’s demographics to an uncompromising pursuit of excellence, it is useful to think about how the poles are not necessarily dichotomous, opposing, or mutually exclusive. Each is complex, i.e., made up of multiple, connected, and dynamic dimensions. And maybe they can be structured in mutually supportive ways.

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