Here's what I want to know: If MRT was not a policy in the police manual training, why was it removed this year? (1st link) Also, the manual actually said, "The maximal restraint technique shall only be used in situations where handcuffed subjects are combative and still pose a threat to themselves, officers or others, or could cause significant damage property if not properly restrained." Did Chauvin implement MRT in this manner? Was Floyd still combative and posing a danger? Not to my eyes. I would like to know what the training says about WHEN TO STOP MRT? Because from everything I learned while watching the documentary and listening to this conversation, it seems likely that many things contributed to Floyd's death, including being in a prone position (2nd link) and airway restriction as testified to by Dr. Tobin, and that's exactly what the original autopsy report stated. It reminds me of arguments about when to report Covid as the cause of death. If the person hadn't had pre-existing conditions, would they still have died from Covid? We'll never know. If Floyd were perfectly healthy and not on drugs, would he have died from MRT? We'll never know. Should Floyd have been honest and not resisted from the beginning? Of course, but that's not what addicts do, and they shouldn't have to die because of it unless they are threatening the life of others, which he did not appear to do, although I understand why officers get nervous when they don't put their hands where they're directed to. But Floyd was a human being, not a saint, but just the usual sinner, and not "excrement" as you referred to him previously, Glenn. Where is your Christian compassion? In the fight over who is "right" and who is "wrong," we should never lose sight of the humanity of both Floyd and the police, who have an incredibly difficult job with apparently inadequate training. We need to figure out MUCH better ways of handling resisting arrest, and unless we can expose the mistakes on ALL sides, that won't happen.
I'm merely a reactionary against white racism. Is the victim responsible for the behavior of the rapist?
Racism is a wealth and power-base competitive relationship between Blacks and non-Blacks. The sole purpose of racism is to support and ensure that the White majority and it's ethnic subgroups continue to dominate and use Blacks as a means to produce wealth and power. Centuries of Black enslavement and Jim Crow semi-slavery resulted in the majority of society becoming 99-foot giants and Blacks one-foot midgets. This massive inequality in wealth and resources made Blacks non-competitive and totally dependent upon Whites for the necessities of life. True racism exists only when one group holds a disproportionate share of the wealth and power over another group then uses those resources to marginalize, exploit, and subordinate the weaker group. In America, it is Whites who use wealth and power to marginalize, exploit, and subordinate Blacks. Whites can deny Blacks employment, educational opportunities, business resources, a place to live or the right to vote. Therefore, according to this definition, Black people cannot be racist. No group of Blacks has the power or exclusive control of resources to the degree that they can educationally, politically, economically and socially exploit and marginalize the White race. Blacks can only react to racism and try to alter the conditions that racism creates. Despite the realities, there are numerous conservative Blacks who act as apologists for White racism and confuse the issue. A conservative Black radio talk show host in Los Angeles, for example, charges that Blacks are racist as Whites. His desire for white approval as well as his ignorance of history impedes him from understanding that White racism and Black prejudice are not the same thing. Blacks have a reason for their feelings about Whites based on how they have been treated by Whites. The White race, on the other hand, has never been marginalized by the Black race. Racism reinforces the legacies of slavery and Jim Crow semi-slavery. Blacks have been unable to escape from those legacies because the majority society acknowledges the operation of racism in the distant past, but minimizes its present significance.
2) Wikipedia: Second-degree murder in Minnesota is split into two types: intentional and unintentional. Intentional second-degree murder constitutes the intentional murder of a person without premeditation. Unintentional second-degree murder is defined as a murder in which the prosecution is not required to prove intent,[a] but only that the defendant committed a felony causing another person's death.[7] Unintentional second-degree murder is Minnesota's felony murder rule; unlike most other states that have the felony murder rule, Minnesota punishes felony murder as second-degree murder rather than first-degree. Minnesota's rule is unique in the sense that it does not require an independent felony from the elements of murder, so a felony such as assault causing someone's death can result in a defendant being charged with second-degree murder.
2The maximum sentence for second-degree murder is 40 years in prison, and the recommended sentencing guidelines suggest 12+1⁄2 years for a first-time offender. There is no mandatory minimum, so hypothetically someone could serve no prison time for second-degree murder.[8]
Murderer Derek Chauvin, a white former police officer that murdered George Floyd, an unarmed black man, was convicted of second-degree murder under the state's felony murder rule in a highly publicized trial in 2021, with the underlying felony being assault. Chauvin received a sentence of 22+1⁄2 years in prison.[9]
Wikipedia: Chauvin appealed his conviction to the Minnesota Court of Appeals in mid 2022, asserting that errors in the trial court denied him a fair trial. The case was argued to a three-judge panel on January 18, 2023. Chauvin's attorneys sought a new trial outside the Hennepin County Government Center, which had been surrounded by security fencing and National Guard troops in preparation for potential civil unrest. His attorneys argued that the pre-trial publicity made a fair trial impossible and that the only remedy would be to hold new trial at a different venue.[171][172] These arguments were rejected by a three-judge panel of the Minnesota Court of Appeals in an opinion released on April 17, 2023.[173][174] In affirming the conviction the judges said that Chauvin's use of force on Floyd was excessive and unlawful, and that the criminal trial was conducted fairly.[175] Chauvin then sought review by the Minnesota Supreme Court. In an order issued on July 19, 2023, the court denied Chauvin's petition for further review—which means that the Court of Appeals' ruling is final.[176][177] After exhausting his appeals in state court, Chauvin's attorneys filed a petition asking the Supreme Court of the United States to review the case,[176][178] but the petition to review the case was rejected on November 20, 2023.[179]
From all that I have learned throughout my life, the word 'murder' has a specific meaning, and intent must be proven in order to convict of this charge. I stated in previous comments that I have followed this case extensively, because, just as Drs. Loury & McWhorter, I want to know what the truth is. I cannot see any evidence that this was a murder. There is no proof of intent on the part of anyone involved to bring about the death of this tragic man, George Floyd. I have gotten into the habit of downloading documents and videos that I fear will be 'disappeared' when inconvenient facts start to come out. One such document is the autopsy report of Dr. Baker, which I just re-read to make sure that I was not misremembering anything. On page nine, under the heading 'Respiratory System', I read this: "The right and left lungs weigh 1085 and 1015 g, respectively. The external surfaces are pink only on the most anterior aspects, and deep red-purple in all other areas. The pulmonary parenchyma is diffusely congested and edematous."
Two things stand out. 1) the difference in weight of the two lungs and 2) the description of the lungs being 'diffusely congested and edematous'. This indicates a lot of fluid in the lungs. Could be the residual effects of Covid-19, but is also, from what I read on the CDC website a common result of fentanyl use. I looked for information about whether constriction of the lungs, such as being place on the pavement as was George Floyd can cause fluid to build up but could not find anything that indicated such. Mr. Floyd was telling officers that he could not breathe almost from the very beginning of this encounter, even by the convenience store, and the 911 recording of the clerk who made the call, plus video surveillance footage from inside the store indicate a man already very intoxicated, though the source of the intoxication could not be proven just from that. At any rate, this information leads me to believe that George Floyd was in serious medical trouble from the get-go, and again, I see no reason to believe that any of the officers involved intended for this man to die while in their custody. The convictions of murder, I believe is a gross miscarriage of justice.
Double standards. Hamas gets to play victim after Oct 7 invasion/massacre/kidnap/rape. But, Israel is expected to use surgical precision to not harm a Palestinian civilian. Even though “four” is the total number of unarmed Black Americans killed by police in 2020, (including Floyd) in the planet’s 3rd largest country; not good enough- police are expected to take 20/20 hindsight and jump into a Time Machine to achieve a perfect outcome during an emergency fight.
Because Floyd refused to get into the police car, cops were trying to keep him in place outside the car. Unfortunate that Floyd died, but cops doing their job- are not to blame. Lesson is supposed to be “Civilian must cooperate to minimize injury.”
I have identified 7 steps, where Minneapolis City-Gov acted with anti-cop hostility.
Step 1: Police Chief and Mayor failed to set example of expecting civilian cooperation. Floyd’s idea of negotiating a non-arrest option should be characterized as delusional thinking- a mental health condition.
Step 2: Minneapolis officials and SF and elsewhere allowed reckless use of term “murder” before the trial had begun.
Step 3: Minneapolis city-Gov gives police station to protesters. (Portland and Seattle copy-cat.)
Step 4: Minneapolis instructs police to stand-down while civilians loot and burn random private property for hours, days, weeks. (Other cities copy-cat).
Step 5: Trial excludes information and evidence that would allow jurors to understand more about what actually happened.
Step 6: Per AG, “Homicide is death caused by another.” Independent of Floyd’s medical status and whether he would have also died if no cops present; police need assurance that use of assigned work tools will not place them in “homicide” category if incidental death during an emergency arrest-fight whereas a hypothetical by-stander civilian (untrained) who jumps in vigilante-style to detain Floyd could end up in “homicide” category. Also, a MD doesn’t go to prison if patient dies in hospital OR.
Step 7: The court claimed that Officer Chauvin intended to murder Floyd.
Anti-Police City/Gov in Many Cities:
After June 01, 2020; SF Police Chief placed a very large hanging vertical BLM banner with anti-police wording in lobby at headquarters.
In 2023; LA Police Chief told newspapers that “Back The Blue” FB group is “right-wing extremism”, untrue. Although many Americans have never been to Minneapolis, we can relate to steps 1-7, because a similar trajectory occurred in many cities.
This has been a great conversation. One question: Why didn't you have it when it mattered?
There was a virtual media black-out on anything favoring Chauvin. I know a witch-hunt when I see one. After all, there's been a helluva lot of them lately. Speak up when it matters!!!!
Even if “I can’t breathe” may have become a trope after the Eric Garner death, it’s certainly the case that a) Garner couldn’t breathe and b) George Floyd couldn’t breathe. In other words, wariness of possible manipulation in this respect may theoretically have conditioned the cops disregard here, but neither Garner nor Floyd were lying or being in sincere on this (as it were terminal) point.
With all due respect, the conclusions of Mr. McWorter, a linguist, and Mr. Loury, an economist, are lay opinions and the discussion of the cause of death and manner of death in George Floyd's case reflect their lack of training in medicine and physiology, and specifically in forensic pathology. As a late career forensic pathologist I have seen, investigated, and certified several deaths similar to that of Mr. Floyd's. As Sea Sentry mentions, these deaths are multifactorial, i.e., there is not a single, clear cut, diagnosis that explains the death. It is a combination of factors including acute drug intoxication, the underlying health problems Mr. Floyd had (chronic heart disease) *and* the actions of the police officers.
In this type of case it is useful to apply the "if not for" test. If not for the actions of the police officer's would George Floyd have died that day? Almost certainly not. George Floyd had gotten high many times and he had heart disease that was present many years. What was different on the day he died? His encounter with the police and the actions they took when they put him in custody.
Now, I am analysing this case with respect to the cause and manner of death. I am not making a judgement about what the legal ramifications of the police actions should be. I am not a lawyer. But to say that Chauvin and the other officers had no culpability in George Floyd's death is absolutely wishful thinking.
The idea being you take your victim as you find him, and if you are reckless, then the consequences are on you.
So the question is whether Chauvin was reckless under the facts and circumstances.
Unfortunately, a person with longer trial experience than Keith Ellison might have done a better job of establishing a better record not only for the trial, but for history.
I once asked a coroner about a relative’s definitive cause of death. The coroner’s response was that, while some cases have a clearly definable cause of death, in many cases, like that of my relative, there are multiple factors that contribute to death, and it’s often impossible to assign the specific contribution of each factor in death, all the while knowing that several factors were involved.
In the case of Mr. Floyd, he certainly was under stress, knowing the risk of jail time after several priors. He also mentioned his mother dying recently if I recall correctly. Stress is a real mortality risk, and the video cams indicate many minutes of stressful behavior and comments. Apparently Mr. Floyd already had a heart condition, certainly a risk factor for someone under stress. Mr. Floyd also had meth in his system and ingested 11mg of fentanyl. Maybe not enough to kill a big guy like that who is habituated to the drug (3 mg would kill a lot of people), but certainly another compounding risk factor. Now you add Mr. Chauvin & Co., who may have mis-executed an MPT restraint technique. Mr. Baker’s initial autopsy was inconclusive. I can’t speak to Ellison’s asphyxiation without a trace, but I would like to hear more about that.
Add it all up and you maybe get to negligent homicide or murder II. It’s not unknown in history for the mob outside to determine a courtroom verdict, and I can’t help but think it played a role in Chauvin’s conviction, and that there were, in all likelihood, a multiplicity of factors that contributed to Mr. Floyd’s death, many of which the deceased himself was responsible for.
Here's what I want to know: If MRT was not a policy in the police manual training, why was it removed this year? (1st link) Also, the manual actually said, "The maximal restraint technique shall only be used in situations where handcuffed subjects are combative and still pose a threat to themselves, officers or others, or could cause significant damage property if not properly restrained." Did Chauvin implement MRT in this manner? Was Floyd still combative and posing a danger? Not to my eyes. I would like to know what the training says about WHEN TO STOP MRT? Because from everything I learned while watching the documentary and listening to this conversation, it seems likely that many things contributed to Floyd's death, including being in a prone position (2nd link) and airway restriction as testified to by Dr. Tobin, and that's exactly what the original autopsy report stated. It reminds me of arguments about when to report Covid as the cause of death. If the person hadn't had pre-existing conditions, would they still have died from Covid? We'll never know. If Floyd were perfectly healthy and not on drugs, would he have died from MRT? We'll never know. Should Floyd have been honest and not resisted from the beginning? Of course, but that's not what addicts do, and they shouldn't have to die because of it unless they are threatening the life of others, which he did not appear to do, although I understand why officers get nervous when they don't put their hands where they're directed to. But Floyd was a human being, not a saint, but just the usual sinner, and not "excrement" as you referred to him previously, Glenn. Where is your Christian compassion? In the fight over who is "right" and who is "wrong," we should never lose sight of the humanity of both Floyd and the police, who have an incredibly difficult job with apparently inadequate training. We need to figure out MUCH better ways of handling resisting arrest, and unless we can expose the mistakes on ALL sides, that won't happen.
https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/minneapolis-police-ban-controversial-restraint-tactics/89-5643f3a7-4302-4d7a-afb5-80bbc252fe4a
https://meridian.allenpress.com/international-surgery/article/100/2/292/175367/The-Prone-Position-During-Surgery-and-its
This seems to be grounds for appeal.
Long term drug use would degrade cardio respiratory function.
I think spiral is a closet transvestite. Lol!!!!
I'm merely a reactionary against white racism. Is the victim responsible for the behavior of the rapist?
Racism is a wealth and power-base competitive relationship between Blacks and non-Blacks. The sole purpose of racism is to support and ensure that the White majority and it's ethnic subgroups continue to dominate and use Blacks as a means to produce wealth and power. Centuries of Black enslavement and Jim Crow semi-slavery resulted in the majority of society becoming 99-foot giants and Blacks one-foot midgets. This massive inequality in wealth and resources made Blacks non-competitive and totally dependent upon Whites for the necessities of life. True racism exists only when one group holds a disproportionate share of the wealth and power over another group then uses those resources to marginalize, exploit, and subordinate the weaker group. In America, it is Whites who use wealth and power to marginalize, exploit, and subordinate Blacks. Whites can deny Blacks employment, educational opportunities, business resources, a place to live or the right to vote. Therefore, according to this definition, Black people cannot be racist. No group of Blacks has the power or exclusive control of resources to the degree that they can educationally, politically, economically and socially exploit and marginalize the White race. Blacks can only react to racism and try to alter the conditions that racism creates. Despite the realities, there are numerous conservative Blacks who act as apologists for White racism and confuse the issue. A conservative Black radio talk show host in Los Angeles, for example, charges that Blacks are racist as Whites. His desire for white approval as well as his ignorance of history impedes him from understanding that White racism and Black prejudice are not the same thing. Blacks have a reason for their feelings about Whites based on how they have been treated by Whites. The White race, on the other hand, has never been marginalized by the Black race. Racism reinforces the legacies of slavery and Jim Crow semi-slavery. Blacks have been unable to escape from those legacies because the majority society acknowledges the operation of racism in the distant past, but minimizes its present significance.
Dr. Claude Anderson
"Powernomics"
They needed a sacrifice for the savages, and Chauvin was it.
File this under black privilege.
3) Elements of 2nd Degree Murder varies state by state. Refer to Minnesota's Penal Codes.
Issue
Rule
Application
Conclusion
2) Wikipedia: Second-degree murder in Minnesota is split into two types: intentional and unintentional. Intentional second-degree murder constitutes the intentional murder of a person without premeditation. Unintentional second-degree murder is defined as a murder in which the prosecution is not required to prove intent,[a] but only that the defendant committed a felony causing another person's death.[7] Unintentional second-degree murder is Minnesota's felony murder rule; unlike most other states that have the felony murder rule, Minnesota punishes felony murder as second-degree murder rather than first-degree. Minnesota's rule is unique in the sense that it does not require an independent felony from the elements of murder, so a felony such as assault causing someone's death can result in a defendant being charged with second-degree murder.
2The maximum sentence for second-degree murder is 40 years in prison, and the recommended sentencing guidelines suggest 12+1⁄2 years for a first-time offender. There is no mandatory minimum, so hypothetically someone could serve no prison time for second-degree murder.[8]
Murderer Derek Chauvin, a white former police officer that murdered George Floyd, an unarmed black man, was convicted of second-degree murder under the state's felony murder rule in a highly publicized trial in 2021, with the underlying felony being assault. Chauvin received a sentence of 22+1⁄2 years in prison.[9]
1) It's a done deal!!!!
Wikipedia: Chauvin appealed his conviction to the Minnesota Court of Appeals in mid 2022, asserting that errors in the trial court denied him a fair trial. The case was argued to a three-judge panel on January 18, 2023. Chauvin's attorneys sought a new trial outside the Hennepin County Government Center, which had been surrounded by security fencing and National Guard troops in preparation for potential civil unrest. His attorneys argued that the pre-trial publicity made a fair trial impossible and that the only remedy would be to hold new trial at a different venue.[171][172] These arguments were rejected by a three-judge panel of the Minnesota Court of Appeals in an opinion released on April 17, 2023.[173][174] In affirming the conviction the judges said that Chauvin's use of force on Floyd was excessive and unlawful, and that the criminal trial was conducted fairly.[175] Chauvin then sought review by the Minnesota Supreme Court. In an order issued on July 19, 2023, the court denied Chauvin's petition for further review—which means that the Court of Appeals' ruling is final.[176][177] After exhausting his appeals in state court, Chauvin's attorneys filed a petition asking the Supreme Court of the United States to review the case,[176][178] but the petition to review the case was rejected on November 20, 2023.[179]
From all that I have learned throughout my life, the word 'murder' has a specific meaning, and intent must be proven in order to convict of this charge. I stated in previous comments that I have followed this case extensively, because, just as Drs. Loury & McWhorter, I want to know what the truth is. I cannot see any evidence that this was a murder. There is no proof of intent on the part of anyone involved to bring about the death of this tragic man, George Floyd. I have gotten into the habit of downloading documents and videos that I fear will be 'disappeared' when inconvenient facts start to come out. One such document is the autopsy report of Dr. Baker, which I just re-read to make sure that I was not misremembering anything. On page nine, under the heading 'Respiratory System', I read this: "The right and left lungs weigh 1085 and 1015 g, respectively. The external surfaces are pink only on the most anterior aspects, and deep red-purple in all other areas. The pulmonary parenchyma is diffusely congested and edematous."
Two things stand out. 1) the difference in weight of the two lungs and 2) the description of the lungs being 'diffusely congested and edematous'. This indicates a lot of fluid in the lungs. Could be the residual effects of Covid-19, but is also, from what I read on the CDC website a common result of fentanyl use. I looked for information about whether constriction of the lungs, such as being place on the pavement as was George Floyd can cause fluid to build up but could not find anything that indicated such. Mr. Floyd was telling officers that he could not breathe almost from the very beginning of this encounter, even by the convenience store, and the 911 recording of the clerk who made the call, plus video surveillance footage from inside the store indicate a man already very intoxicated, though the source of the intoxication could not be proven just from that. At any rate, this information leads me to believe that George Floyd was in serious medical trouble from the get-go, and again, I see no reason to believe that any of the officers involved intended for this man to die while in their custody. The convictions of murder, I believe is a gross miscarriage of justice.
Double standards. Hamas gets to play victim after Oct 7 invasion/massacre/kidnap/rape. But, Israel is expected to use surgical precision to not harm a Palestinian civilian. Even though “four” is the total number of unarmed Black Americans killed by police in 2020, (including Floyd) in the planet’s 3rd largest country; not good enough- police are expected to take 20/20 hindsight and jump into a Time Machine to achieve a perfect outcome during an emergency fight.
Because Floyd refused to get into the police car, cops were trying to keep him in place outside the car. Unfortunate that Floyd died, but cops doing their job- are not to blame. Lesson is supposed to be “Civilian must cooperate to minimize injury.”
I have identified 7 steps, where Minneapolis City-Gov acted with anti-cop hostility.
Step 1: Police Chief and Mayor failed to set example of expecting civilian cooperation. Floyd’s idea of negotiating a non-arrest option should be characterized as delusional thinking- a mental health condition.
Step 2: Minneapolis officials and SF and elsewhere allowed reckless use of term “murder” before the trial had begun.
Step 3: Minneapolis city-Gov gives police station to protesters. (Portland and Seattle copy-cat.)
Step 4: Minneapolis instructs police to stand-down while civilians loot and burn random private property for hours, days, weeks. (Other cities copy-cat).
Step 5: Trial excludes information and evidence that would allow jurors to understand more about what actually happened.
Step 6: Per AG, “Homicide is death caused by another.” Independent of Floyd’s medical status and whether he would have also died if no cops present; police need assurance that use of assigned work tools will not place them in “homicide” category if incidental death during an emergency arrest-fight whereas a hypothetical by-stander civilian (untrained) who jumps in vigilante-style to detain Floyd could end up in “homicide” category. Also, a MD doesn’t go to prison if patient dies in hospital OR.
Step 7: The court claimed that Officer Chauvin intended to murder Floyd.
Anti-Police City/Gov in Many Cities:
After June 01, 2020; SF Police Chief placed a very large hanging vertical BLM banner with anti-police wording in lobby at headquarters.
In 2023; LA Police Chief told newspapers that “Back The Blue” FB group is “right-wing extremism”, untrue. Although many Americans have never been to Minneapolis, we can relate to steps 1-7, because a similar trajectory occurred in many cities.
This has been a great conversation. One question: Why didn't you have it when it mattered?
There was a virtual media black-out on anything favoring Chauvin. I know a witch-hunt when I see one. After all, there's been a helluva lot of them lately. Speak up when it matters!!!!
Even if “I can’t breathe” may have become a trope after the Eric Garner death, it’s certainly the case that a) Garner couldn’t breathe and b) George Floyd couldn’t breathe. In other words, wariness of possible manipulation in this respect may theoretically have conditioned the cops disregard here, but neither Garner nor Floyd were lying or being in sincere on this (as it were terminal) point.
With all due respect, the conclusions of Mr. McWorter, a linguist, and Mr. Loury, an economist, are lay opinions and the discussion of the cause of death and manner of death in George Floyd's case reflect their lack of training in medicine and physiology, and specifically in forensic pathology. As a late career forensic pathologist I have seen, investigated, and certified several deaths similar to that of Mr. Floyd's. As Sea Sentry mentions, these deaths are multifactorial, i.e., there is not a single, clear cut, diagnosis that explains the death. It is a combination of factors including acute drug intoxication, the underlying health problems Mr. Floyd had (chronic heart disease) *and* the actions of the police officers.
In this type of case it is useful to apply the "if not for" test. If not for the actions of the police officer's would George Floyd have died that day? Almost certainly not. George Floyd had gotten high many times and he had heart disease that was present many years. What was different on the day he died? His encounter with the police and the actions they took when they put him in custody.
Now, I am analysing this case with respect to the cause and manner of death. I am not making a judgement about what the legal ramifications of the police actions should be. I am not a lawyer. But to say that Chauvin and the other officers had no culpability in George Floyd's death is absolutely wishful thinking.
Does the “thin-skull” doctrine operate here?
The idea being you take your victim as you find him, and if you are reckless, then the consequences are on you.
So the question is whether Chauvin was reckless under the facts and circumstances.
Unfortunately, a person with longer trial experience than Keith Ellison might have done a better job of establishing a better record not only for the trial, but for history.
I once asked a coroner about a relative’s definitive cause of death. The coroner’s response was that, while some cases have a clearly definable cause of death, in many cases, like that of my relative, there are multiple factors that contribute to death, and it’s often impossible to assign the specific contribution of each factor in death, all the while knowing that several factors were involved.
In the case of Mr. Floyd, he certainly was under stress, knowing the risk of jail time after several priors. He also mentioned his mother dying recently if I recall correctly. Stress is a real mortality risk, and the video cams indicate many minutes of stressful behavior and comments. Apparently Mr. Floyd already had a heart condition, certainly a risk factor for someone under stress. Mr. Floyd also had meth in his system and ingested 11mg of fentanyl. Maybe not enough to kill a big guy like that who is habituated to the drug (3 mg would kill a lot of people), but certainly another compounding risk factor. Now you add Mr. Chauvin & Co., who may have mis-executed an MPT restraint technique. Mr. Baker’s initial autopsy was inconclusive. I can’t speak to Ellison’s asphyxiation without a trace, but I would like to hear more about that.
Add it all up and you maybe get to negligent homicide or murder II. It’s not unknown in history for the mob outside to determine a courtroom verdict, and I can’t help but think it played a role in Chauvin’s conviction, and that there were, in all likelihood, a multiplicity of factors that contributed to Mr. Floyd’s death, many of which the deceased himself was responsible for.